This paper proposes a hyperspectral soil nutrient estimation method based on the bat algorithm (BA)-AdaBoost model. The spectral reflectance. the first derivative of the reflectance. and the reciprocal logarithm of the reflectance are analyzed based on the 800 field soil samples and their hyperspectral data collected. https://www.jmannino.com/amazing-price-Handlebar-for-Motovox-MBX10-and-MBX11-Mini-Bikes-amazing-deal/